1. Mawu Oyamba
Zingwe zamagetsi zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri potumiza mphamvu, deta, ndi ma siginecha owongolera m'mafakitale. Kuti zitsimikizire chitetezo, magwiridwe antchito, komanso kulimba, zingwe ziyenera kukwaniritsa miyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi. Miyezo iyi imayang'anira chilichonse kuyambira pazingwe zamagetsi ndi zotchingira mpaka kukana moto komanso kulimba kwa chilengedwe.
Madera ndi mafakitale osiyanasiyana amatsatira malangizo enieni otengera malamulo am'deralo komanso machitidwe abwino apadziko lonse lapansi. Kumvetsetsa miyezo iyi ndikofunikira kwa opanga, mainjiniya, ndi oyang'anira polojekiti kuti awonetsetse kuti akutsatira, chitetezo, komanso magwiridwe antchito.
Nkhaniyi ikupereka chidule cha mfundo zazikuluzikulu za chingwe chamagetsi chapadziko lonse lapansi, kagwiritsidwe ntchito kake, ndi momwe amafananizira madera osiyanasiyana.
2. IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) Miyezo
TheIEC (International Electrotechnical Commission)imapanga miyezo yapadziko lonse ya zipangizo zamagetsi, kuphatikizapo zingwe. Miyezo iyi imadziwika kwambiri ndikuvomerezedwa m'maiko ambiri, kuwonetsetsa chitetezo chokwanira komanso magwiridwe antchito.
Miyezo yayikulu ya IEC Cable
| Standard | Kufotokozera | Kugwiritsa ntchito |
|---|---|---|
| IEC 60092 | Kuyika magetsi m'zombo | Ntchito zam'madzi ndi zam'nyanja |
| IEC 60228 | Makondakitala a zingwe zotsekereza | Zimatanthawuza katundu wa mkuwa ndi aluminium conductor |
| IEC 60331 | Kukana moto kwa zingwe zamagetsi | Imawonetsetsa kuti zingwe zikugwirabe ntchito pakayaka moto |
| IEC 60332 | Mayesero ofalitsa moto | Amayesa momwe zingwe zimachitira moto |
| IEC 60502-1 | Zingwe zamagetsi mpaka 30 kV | Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pogawa magetsi apakati |
| IEC 60754 | Kusintha kwa gasi wa Acid ndi Corrosivity | Amawunika kawopsedwe ka zingwe zoyaka |
| IEC 61034-2 | Muyeso wa kuchuluka kwa utsi | Imawunika utsi wopangidwa pamene zingwe zimayaka |
3. Miyezo ya EN (European Norm).
MzunguEN (Norme Européenne)miyezo imayang'anira magwiridwe antchito a chingwe ku EU ndi EEA (European Economic Area). Miyezo iyi imatsimikizira chitetezo chofananira komanso kugwirizana m'maiko onse aku Europe.
Miyezo Yofunikira ya Chingwe cha EN
| Standard | Kufotokozera | Kugwiritsa ntchito |
|---|---|---|
| EN 50200 | Kuyesa kukana moto kwa mabwalo adzidzidzi | Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakuwunikira mwadzidzidzi, ma alarm system |
| EN 50288-7 | Control ndi zida zingwe | Industrial automation ndi control process |
| EN 50363 | Low-voltage insulation ndi sheathing | Imakwirira zida zotchingira zingwe |
| EN 60332 | Makhalidwe a moto ndi moto zimafalikira | Chitetezo cha moto pakuyika magetsi |
| EN 61034 | Muyeso wa kuchuluka kwa utsi | Amayesa kutulutsa utsi pakakhala moto |
4. BS (British Standards) ya Zingwe
TheBungwe la British Standards Institute (BSI)imakhazikitsa malamulo okhudzana ndi UK ndi mayiko a Commonwealth, kuonetsetsa kuti zingwe zikukwaniritsa zofunikira zachitetezo ndi kulimba.
Miyezo Yachingwe ya BS
| Standard | Kufotokozera | Kugwiritsa ntchito |
|---|---|---|
| Chithunzi cha BS5266-1 | Zofunikira zowunikira mwadzidzidzi | Kumatsimikizira kuyatsa kwadzidzidzi |
| Chithunzi cha BS6387 | Dera umphumphu pansi pa moto | Amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu (zipatala, ma tunnel) |
| Chithunzi cha BS7211 | Zingwe zotsika-voltage thermosetting | Mawaya otetezeka ogwiritsidwa ntchito kunyumba ndi mafakitale |
| Chithunzi cha BS7846 | Zingwe zankhondo zosagwira moto | Zingwe zopanda moto zopangira mafakitale |
| Mtengo wa BS8519 | Zingwe zamagetsi zosagwira moto ndi zowongolera | Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu chitetezo cha moyo ndi machitidwe ozimitsa moto |
5. Miyezo ya CEI (Comitato Elettrotecnico Italiano).
TheCEI (komiti ya Italy Electrotechnical Committee)imayang'anira zingwe zamagetsi za ku Italy, kuonetsetsa chitetezo pakutumiza ndi kugawa mphamvu.
Miyezo Yofunikira ya Chingwe cha CEI
| Standard | Kufotokozera | Kugwiritsa ntchito |
|---|---|---|
| CEI 20-11 / EN 50363 | Zida zotsika kwambiri zamagetsi | Imatanthawuza kutsekereza kotetezeka kwa zingwe zamagetsi |
| CEI 20-36 | Zingwe zosagwira moto mpaka 1 kV | Kukana moto wapamwamba kwa nyumba zamafakitale |
| CEI 20-45 | Zingwe za LSZH elastomer-insulated | Zingwe zopanda utsi, zopanda halogen |
6. DIN (Deutsches Institut für Normung) Miyezo
Germany waDIN (German Institute for Standardization)amaika miyezo yapamwamba ya zingwe zamagetsi, kuyang'ana pa kukana moto ndi ntchito.
| Standard | Kufotokozera | Kugwiritsa ntchito |
|---|---|---|
| Mtengo wa 4102 | Makhalidwe amoto ndi kukhulupirika kwa dera | Zingwe zosagwira moto zotetezera nyumba |
7. NBN (Norme Belge) Miyezo
TheNBN (Belgian Standards Institute)imayang'anira zingwe zosagwira moto zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ku Belgium.
| Standard | Kufotokozera | Kugwiritsa ntchito |
|---|---|---|
| NBN C 30-004 | Gulu lolimbana ndi moto | Zingwe zotetezera moto zomangira |
| Chithunzi cha 713-020 | Kukana moto kwa zida zomangira | Kuyesa zingwe m'nyumba za anthu |
8. Miyezo ya NF (Norme Française).
ku FranceNF (Norme Française)imatsimikizira miyezo yolimba yoteteza moto mu zingwe zamagetsi.
| Standard | Kufotokozera | Kugwiritsa ntchito |
|---|---|---|
| NF-C-32-070 | Kugawika kwa zingwe zamakhalidwe amoto | Amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'nyumba za anthu, ma tunnel, ndi ma metro system |
9. SS (Singapore Standard) ya Zingwe
Ku SingaporeSS (Singapore Standards Council)imayang'anira zingwe zosagwira moto pofuna chitetezo cha anthu.
| Standard | Kufotokozera | Kugwiritsa ntchito |
|---|---|---|
| Chithunzi cha SS299 | Kuchita kwa chingwe chosagwira moto | Imawonetsetsa kuti mabwalo adzidzidzi akugwira ntchito pamoto |
10. VDE (Germany) Miyezo ya Cable
Germany waVDE (Verband der Elektrotechnik)imayang'anira chitetezo chamagetsi pazingwe, makamaka pa telecom ndi kuyesa moto.
| Standard | Kufotokozera | Kugwiritsa ntchito |
|---|---|---|
| Chithunzi cha VDE0815 | Telecommunication ndi data zingwe | Intaneti yothamanga kwambiri komanso zingwe zamafoni |
| Chithunzi cha 0482 | Kuyeza mpweya pa kuyaka | Amawunikidwa mpweya woipa ngati moto |
11. Chifukwa Chake Miyezo ya Chingwe Ndi Yofunika
Miyezo ya chingwe ndiyofunikira pa:
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Kuonetsetsa chitetezom'makhazikitsidwe amagetsi
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Kupewa moto ndi zoopsachifukwa cha zingwe zosakhazikika
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Kusunga khalidwe labwinopopanga ndi kugawa
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Kutsatira malamulo a malonda apadziko lonse
12. Kuyerekeza kwa International Cable Standards
| Standard | Chigawo | Kugwiritsa ntchito |
|---|---|---|
| IEC 60331 | Padziko lonse lapansi | Zingwe zosagwira moto |
| EN 50200 | Europe | Zingwe zozungulira zadzidzidzi |
| Chithunzi cha BS6387 | UK | Umphumphu wamoto pansi pa zovuta kwambiri |
| CEI 20-36 | Italy | Zingwe zamafakitale zotentha kwambiri |
| Mtengo wa 4102 | Germany | Gulu la moto la nyumba |
| NBN C 30-004 | Belgium | Kuyesa kukana moto |
| NF-C-32-070 | France | Chitetezo cha anthu ndi machitidwe a metro |
| Chithunzi cha SS299 | Singapore | Zingwe zosagwira moto mwadzidzidzi |
| Chithunzi cha VDE0815 | Germany | Zingwe za data ndi telecom |
13. Mapeto
Kumvetsetsa miyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi yama chingwe chamagetsi ndikofunikira pachitetezo, kutsata, komanso magwiridwe antchito. Kaya m'mafakitale, nyumba zogona, kapena ntchito zofunikira kwambiri, kusankha chingwe choyenera kumatsimikizira kudalirika ndi chitetezo.
Ukadaulo ukamasinthika, miyezo yamtsogolo yam'tsogolo idzayang'ana pa zinthu zokomera chilengedwe, kukana moto wochulukirapo, ndi njira zowunikira mwanzeru kuti chitetezo chiziyenda bwino.
Ku Top Cable takhala tikupanga ndi kupanga zingwe kwa zaka zopitilira 16. Tili ndi mphamvu zambiri, zowongolera, zida, zingwe zotsika komanso zapakati. Zonsezi zimapezeka m'matembenuzidwe ankhondo ndi opanda zida, komanso malingana ndi machitidwe a moto: moto ndi moto, komanso moto.
Kuti mumve zambiri zamitundu yathu yama chingwe, lemberani lero
Nthawi yotumiza: Apr-02-2025