Njira Yopanga Mawaya Amagetsi ndi Zingwe

Kufotokozera Mwatsatanetsatane Njira Yopangira Mawaya Amagetsi ndi Zingwe

Mawaya amagetsi ndi zingwe ndizofunikira kwambiri pa moyo wamakono, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kulikonse kuchokera kunyumba kupita ku mafakitale. Koma kodi munayamba mwadzifunsapo mmene amapangidwira? Kupanga kwawo kumakhala kochititsa chidwi ndipo kumaphatikizapo njira zingapo zolondola, kuyambira ndi kondakitala ndi kumanga wosanjikiza ndi wosanjikiza mpaka chomaliza chitatha. Tiyeni tione mwatsatanetsatane momwe mawaya ndi zingwe amapangidwira m'njira yosavuta, pang'onopang'ono.

1. Mawu Oyamba

Mawaya amagetsi ndi zingwe amapangidwa ndi kukulunga zinthu zosiyanasiyana monga kutchinjiriza, zishango, ndi zigawo zodzitetezera mozungulira kondakitala. Kugwiritsa ntchito chingwe kumakhala kovuta kwambiri, kumakhala ndi zigawo zambiri. Chigawo chilichonse chimakhala ndi cholinga chake, monga kuteteza kondakitala, kuonetsetsa kusinthasintha, kapena kuteteza ku kuwonongeka kwakunja.

2. Njira Zopangira Zofunikira

Khwerero 1: Kujambula Mawaya a Copper ndi Aluminium

Njirayi imayamba ndi ndodo zachitsulo kapena aluminiyamu. Ndodo zimenezi n’zazikulu kwambiri moti sizingagwire ntchito monga momwe zilili, choncho zimafunika kutambasulidwa ndi kuzichepetsa. Izi zimachitika pogwiritsa ntchito makina otchedwa makina ojambulira mawaya, omwe amakoka ndodo zachitsulo m’mabowo ang’onoang’ono angapo (akufa). Nthawi iliyonse wayayo ikadutsa pabowo, m'mimba mwake imacheperachepera, kutalika kwake kumawonjezeka, ndipo imakhala yamphamvu. Njira imeneyi ndi yofunika chifukwa mawaya ocheperako ndi osavuta kugwira nawo ntchito popanga zingwe.

Gawo 2: Annealing (Kufewetsa mawaya)

Pambuyo pojambula mawaya, amatha kukhala olimba pang'ono komanso osasunthika, omwe si abwino kupanga zingwe. Kuti izi zitheke, mawaya amatenthedwa mwanjira yotchedwa annealing. Kutentha kumeneku kumapangitsa mawaya kukhala ofewa, osinthasintha, komanso osavuta kupotoza osathyoka. Gawo limodzi lofunika kwambiri la gawoli ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mawaya samatulutsa okosijeni (kupanga dzimbiri) pamene akutenthedwa.

Khwerero 3: Kuyimitsa Kondakitala

M'malo mogwiritsa ntchito waya wochindikala umodzi, mawaya opyapyala angapo amakulungidwa pamodzi kuti apange kondakitala. Chifukwa chiyani? Chifukwa mawaya omangika amakhala osinthika kwambiri komanso osavuta kupindika pakuyika. Pali njira zingapo zopotoza mawaya:

• Kupotoza pafupipafupi:Njira yosavuta yopotoza.
• Kupotoza kosakhazikika:Zimaphatikizanso kupotoza kwamagulu, kupindika mokhazikika, kapena njira zina zapadera zamapulogalamu enaake.

Nthawi zina, mawaya amapanikizidwa kukhala mawonekedwe ngati ma semicircles kapena mawonekedwe a fan kuti asunge malo ndikupangitsa zingwezo kukhala zazing'ono. Izi ndizothandiza makamaka pazingwe zamagetsi pomwe malo ali ochepa.

Khwerero 4: Kuwonjezera Insulation

Chotsatira ndikuphimba kondakitala ndi zotsekera, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimapangidwa ndi pulasitiki. Kutsekereza kumeneku ndikofunikira kwambiri chifukwa kumapangitsa kuti magetsi asatuluke ndikuwonetsetsa chitetezo. Pulasitiki imasungunuka ndikukulunga molimba mozungulira kokondakita pogwiritsa ntchito makina.

Ubwino wa insulation umatsimikiziridwa pazinthu zitatu:

1. Eccentricity:Makulidwe a insulation ayenera kukhala mozungulira mozungulira conductor.
2. Kusalala:Pamwamba pa zotsekerazo ziyenera kukhala zosalala komanso zopanda zotupa, zoyaka, kapena zonyansa.
3. Kachulukidwe:Chotsekeracho chiyenera kukhala cholimba popanda mabowo ang'onoang'ono, thovu, kapena mipata.

Khwerero 5: Kupanga Chingwe (Cabling)

Kwa zingwe zamitundu yambiri (zingwe zokhala ndi kondakitala wopitilira m'modzi), mawaya otsekeredwa amapindika pamodzi kuti apange mawonekedwe ozungulira. Izi zimapangitsa chingwecho kukhala chosavuta kuchigwira ndikuwonetsetsa kuti chimakhala chophatikizika. Pa sitepe iyi, ntchito ziwiri zowonjezera zimachitika:

• Kudzaza:Malo opanda kanthu pakati pa mawaya amadzazidwa ndi zipangizo kuti chingwecho chikhale chozungulira komanso chokhazikika.
• Kumanga:Mawayawa amangiriridwa mwamphamvu kuti asamasuke.

Khwerero 6: Kuwonjezera Mkati Wamkati

Kuteteza mawaya otetezedwa, wosanjikiza wotchedwa sheath wamkati amawonjezeredwa. Izi zitha kukhala zosanjikiza (zopaka pulasitiki zopyapyala) kapena zokutira (zotchingira). Chigawo ichi chimalepheretsa kuwonongeka panthawi yotsatira, makamaka pamene zida zowonjezera.

Khwerero 7: Zida (Kuwonjezera Chitetezo)

Kwa zingwe zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pansi pa nthaka kapena m'malo ovuta, zida zankhondo ndizofunikira. Gawo ili likuwonjezera chitetezo cha makina:

• Zida za tepi yachitsulo:Amateteza kupsinjika kuchokera ku katundu wolemetsa, monga pamene chingwe chimakwiriridwa pansi.
• Zida zazitsulo zachitsulo:Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazingwe zomwe zimafunika kupirira kukakamiza komanso kukoka mphamvu, monga zomwe zimayikidwa pansi pamadzi kapena m'miyendo yowongoka.

Khwerero 8: Mchira Wakunja

Chomaliza ndikuwonjezera chipolopolo chakunja, chomwe ndi chingwe choteteza kwambiri. Chigawochi chapangidwa kuti chiteteze chingwe kuzinthu zachilengedwe monga chinyezi, mankhwala, ndi kuwonongeka kwa thupi. Zimawonjezeranso mphamvu ndikuletsa chingwe kuti zisagwire moto. Chovala chakunja nthawi zambiri chimapangidwa ndi pulasitiki ndipo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito makina otulutsa, ofanana ndi momwe kusungunulira kumawonjezeredwa.

3. Mapeto

Njira yopangira mawaya amagetsi ndi zingwe zimatha kumveka zovuta, koma zonse zimatengera kulondola komanso kuwongolera bwino. Chigawo chilichonse chowonjezeredwa chimagwira ntchito inayake, kuchokera pakupanga chingwe chosinthika komanso chotetezeka kuti chitetezeke kuti chisawonongeke. Ndondomeko yatsatanetsataneyi imatsimikizira kuti mawaya ndi zingwe zomwe timagwiritsa ntchito pamoyo wathu watsiku ndi tsiku ndizodalirika komanso zolimba.

Pomvetsetsa momwe amapangidwira, titha kuyamikira uinjiniya womwe umalowa m'zinthu zosavuta, monga mawaya a m'nyumba mwanu kapena zingwe zopangira mafakitale akulu.